Theory Essay

Bambara & Freire; An Analysis to Theory March 2013 The Lesson is written by Toni Cade Bambara and is a fictional narrative. The significance of this short story is deepened when we apply Paulo Freire’s story Pedagogy of the Oppressed because he talks about the different kinds of teaching methods that relate to the characters in The Lessons and the society that they live in. In Freire’s story he deliberates about the society we live in, which uses the banking method rather than the problem posing method of teaching.I believe that this is what Miss. Moore is trying to show her students in The Lesson by taking them to the ‘rich’ part of town when they go into the toyshop. In Freire’s story he gives two terms: the oppressor, which in my opinion is the white people in The Lesson and the oppressed which is Sylvia and her classmates. In The Lesson, you meet a young girl who goes by the name of Sylvia. Sylvia is brought up in a ‘slum’ area and i s resentful towards her teacher, Miss Moore.Sylvia feels that her teacher is better than everyone else in her community because she has a college degree, and doesn’t care to listen to anything Miss. Moore has to say. The story starts off by Miss Moore bringing the group of children to this toyshop, which is where I believe she is trying to expose them to this banking system concept, to show them what is wrong with their society. The banking system concept is when â€Å"the teacher talks about reality as if it were motionless, static, compartmentalized, and predictable.Or else he expounds on a topic completely alien to the existential experience of the students† (Freire 52). In other words the banking system where the teachers believe only they can be the ‘knowledgeable other’, the knowledgeable other is someone who has more experience and knows what they are doing which makes them the one who holds all the knowledge. They don’t believe the students can teach them anything new. Using this type of system will result in the student’s only being as good as what they’re taught.The problem posing method on the other hand is where the teachers and the students work together, that they can learn from each other and respect one another’s thoughts, ideas, questions and wonders. A great example of the banking method that Freire writes is â€Å"the more completely she fills out the receptacles, the better a teacher she is. The more meekly the receptacles permit themselves to be filled, the better students they are† (Freire 53).In The Lesson the white people are the oppressors and Sylvia and her classmates are the oppressed. Freire explains the oppressed â€Å"The oppressed receive the euphemistic title of â€Å"welfare recipients†. They are treated as individual cases, as marginal persons who deviate from general configuration of a â€Å"good, organized, and just† society† (Freire 55). This is saying how poor people are treated as separate people in society. The students in The Lesson did not know they were seen as this ‘separate’ part of society.According to Freire he doesn’t believe this is the case, he see’s everyone as equals â€Å"The oppressed are not â€Å"marginal†, are not people living â€Å"outside† society. They have always been â€Å"inside† (Freire 55). Once Sylvia and her classmates arrive at this toyshop they notice a toy sailboat that catches them off guard, but it’s not the sailboat, it is the price tag that is attached to it, Sylvia exclaims â€Å"Who are these people that spend that much for preforming clowns and $1000 for toy sailboats? What kinda work they do and how they live and how come we ain’t on it? (Bambara 425). I believe that by bringing the children to this new environment she was trying to open the children’s eyes to this ‘separate’ society. Miss Moore embodies the idea of problem posing. From Freire’s point of view, a teacher that poses these traits should â€Å"from the outset, her efforts must coincide with those of the students to engage in critical thinking and the quest for mutual humanization† (Freire 56). Miss. Moore does this when she asks a question to deepen Sugar’s thought about why adults would play with a kid’s toy.A great metaphoric description between the two methods that Freire uses, quoting Fromm is that the banking system causes people to be ‘necrophilia’ versus the problem posing method, which is causing people to be ‘biophilious’. â€Å"While life is characterized by growth in a structured, functional manner, the necrophilous person loves all that does not grow, all that is mechanical. The necrophilous person is drive by the desire to transform the organic into the Memory rather that experience, having, rather than being, is what counts.The necrophilious p erson can related to an object- a flower or a person- only if he loses the possession he loses contact with the world†¦ He loves control; in the act of controlling he kills life† (Fromm 58). I feel that this quote strengthens the issue that the children have around this expensive boat. In my point of view the children are more biophilious, this is backed up when it shows that they do not see the importance of an expensive boat when they could use that money to feed an entire family. They aren’t bound by materialistic items.During The Lesson you read about Sylvia getting mad at her friend Sugar for engaging in conversation with Miss Moore regarding the toy sailboat. This displays that Sylvia is unintentionally still bound by the banking system because if they were in the problem posing method this would be seen as harmful to one another’s learning. You notice that Miss Moore is trying to get the students to critically think for themselves in a problem-posing manner, but it is apparent that they are all in some matter constricted by this banking system method that they live in.The whole idea of the banking system with the roles of the oppressed and the oppressor is that it stops people from becoming fully human, as Freire says â€Å"no one can be authentically human while he prevents others from being so† (p. 66). References: Bambara, Toni Cade. â€Å"The Lesson. † 2nd. Lawn, Beverly. Boston: Bedford/St Martins, 2004. 419-427 print. Freire, Paulo. â€Å"Pedagogy of the Oppressed. † Rev edition. Trans. Myra Bergman Ramos. Continuum/New York, 1995. 52-67 print.

Factors That Affect Enzyme Reaction Rate

Lab Report Factors That Affect Enzymes Reaction Rate Name of lab: Effects of temperature, pH, Enzyme Concentration, and Substrate Concentration on Enzymatic Activity Introduction: Enzymes are the most important types of proteins, they act as catalysis (speed up chemical reactions). If enzymes didn’t exist, biochemical reactions would act to slowly and they couldn’t keep up with the metabolic functions. Enzymes have a three-dimensional structure that is really complex. This structure consists of one or more polypeptide chains, they form an active site, which is an area in which the substrate eventually will fit.The four factors that affect the activity and reaction rate of an enzyme are temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration. Research Question/Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that when the temperature is higher than 40? C, the enzyme catalysis will increase. That the enzyme activity with the pH effect is that if it isn’t at the optimum pH v alue there will be a total loss of the enzyme activity. As the change in enzyme concentration increases the activity rate will increase if there is a proportional amount of enzyme concentration and substrate.Variables: Independent: pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration and enzymatic activity. Dependent: the reaction rate Control variable: temperature and amount of substrates and enzymes added. Materials: Phosphate Buffers Beaker Catechol Potato Juice Parafilm Test Tubes Procedure: To study the effect of temperature: 1. Three different test tubes where filled with 3mL of phosphate. 2. They were set in three different temperature settings. First tube was placed in an ice-water bath for ten minutes, the second in a room temperature until 21?C was reached, and the third tube was placed in a beaker of warm water. To study the effect of pH: 1. The pH values of pH 4, pH 6, pH 7, pH 8, and pH 10 was used to fill five separate test tubes with 3 mL each. 2. To each test tube, ten drops of catechol and potato juice were added, each tube was covered with Parafilm, and inverted several times to mix the contents. After letting each tube stand for three to five minutes the tubes were inverted at one minute intervals. To study the effect of enzyme concentration: 1.The steps include four test tubes that were labeled A, B, C, and D. 2. The contents added to tube A are 3mL plus 20 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer, but no potato juice. To tube B, 3 mL plus 15 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 15 drops of potato juice. The amount of pH 7 phosphate buffer added to test tube C are 3 mL plus 10 drops of potato juice. To test tube D, 3 mL of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 20 drops of potato juice were added. 3. Then, each tube was covered in Parafilm and inverted several times to mix the contents.After doing so, 10 drops of catechol were added to each tube and covered with Parafilm and inverted several times to mix the contents. 4. After allowing each tube to stand for three to four minutes the tubes were mixed at one-minute intervals. To study the effects of substrate concentration: 1. Eight test tubes that were involved. 2. These test tubes were labeled 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 48. Next, each test tube had a certain amount of phosphate buffer and catechol was added to each. 3.To test tube #1: 5 mL plus 47 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 1 drop of catechol; test tube #2: 5 mL plus 46 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 3 drops of catechol; test tube #4: 5 mL plus 44 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 4 drops of catechol; test tube #8: 5 mL plus 40 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 8 drops of catechol; test tube #16: 5 mL plus 32 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 16 drops of catechol; test tube #24: 5 mL plus 24 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 24 drops of catechol; test tube #32: 5 Ml plus 16 drops of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 32 drops of catechol; and test tube #48: 5 mL of pH 7 phosphate buffer and 48 drops of catechol. 4. Then, each tube was c overed with Parafilm and inverted several times to mix the contents. Also, to each of the tubes, 30 drops of potato juice were added and covered with Parafilm and inverted several times to mix the contents. The test tubes set at room temperature for five minutes and were mixed at one minute intervals.

Physical Therapist College

Since I was a young I have always wanted to have a job that helps out other peoples’ lives for the better. I have gone from wanting to be a cop, fire fighter, EMT (emergency medical technician) and now I have made up my mind to become a physical therapist. After comparing and contrasting the pros and cons of numerous jobs I decided that doing physical therapy fits me best because I am getting to know several types of people. Also, knowing that I am improving the health of patients and uplifting their spirit is the perfect job for me.Although, it is going to be a long journey, I know it will definitely be worth it in the end. Physical therapy is dated back to 460 B. C. when physicians would use water therapy and massage therapy on their patients lower the levels of pain, reduce stress and anxiety, and encoruage healing. However, it was during the World War I (1917 – 1918) that physiotherapy was performed widely as a rehabilitation therapy for people who were injured in t he war. People employred for such rehabilitative work were known as reconstruction aides and they were trained nurses having background of physical education and massage therapy. buzzle Website) Shortly after, physical therapy started to spread across the world. PT’s used hydrotherapy (water therapy) or massage therapy. Now physical therapist can do a lot more thanks to our intelligence of the human body and its functions. What physical therapist do is treat individuals ranging from any age group who have had injuries or unhealthy conditions to health increase their range of motion and ability to move and improve their lives.They examine the person to make a plan that best fits the person according to their age, depth of injury, and many other factors. Such as decreasing the pain and properly regain their strength back to lower the chances of the injury reoccurring. They also â€Å"work with individuals to prevent the loss of mobility before it occurs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bureau o f Labor Statistics Website). In order to do this extensive training and practice is needed. Physical therapist can work in many places and environments.As long as they have the right equipment and tools the job can be performed. They can work from hospitals, outpatient clinics, nursery homes, and many other places. â€Å"About 60 percent of physical therapist worked in hospitals or in offices of other practitioners† (Bureau of Labor Statistics Website). Other physical therapist work in healthcare industries, care centers, or privately. Some PT’s also conduct research to accredit themselves with more knowledge or teach in colleges or institutions.It is estimated that â€Å"Employment of physical therapists is expected to grow by 30 percent from 2008 to 2018† (Bureau of Labor Statistics) and by 2018 there will be 241,700 physical therapist working. The reason why the big percentage jump in a ten year span is because of the baby booming age is getting to about the age where they are more at risk for strokes, heart attacks, and more chances of injuries occurring. Therefore, calling for a higher demand in physical therapist to help aid them in their time of disabling injuries or disliked conditions.

Budget proposal Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Budget proposal - Term Paper Example Section 1. Rationale In line with the corporate goal of XYZ Spa and Body Massage Parlor to keep track of its profit this quarter of the year, this budget proposal will specifically determine the needed overhead costs. This is very important in order that the management will be able to keep track of the expenses involved and the probable projection of the revenue that needed to be targeted. In line with this, the management requires the accounting department to submit a simple budget proposal showing the projected overhead costs of the company at different level of activities. Section 2. Background XYZ Spa and Massage Parlor has recently formulated strategic moves in order to project and increase its revenue. On January, the management specifically appointed the marketing department to formulate marketing activities that will help enhance the current revenue of company. Optimistic about the impact of this strategy, there is a need to plan ahead of time on the needed budget for the ope ration as the marketing strategy will help enhance revenue just in case if it is effective for the customers. From the past trend of the company for its three branches, marketing strategy has proven to be effective. Last year, it contributed about 20% of the revenue for the whole year. The management is quiet satisfied about this knowing that there are other competitors and with this, the company has significantly viewed its competitive edge through marketing strategy. This proposal is in line with the great concern of the CEO to generate budget plan on the overhead costs prior to setting significant revenue and just to be able to adjust cost of the final service offering. This is essential information knowing that the company has also to compete with the current pricing strategy that competitions are setting in the market. Section 3. Projected Budget Shown in Table 1 below is the proposed flexible budget of XYZ Spa and Body Massage Parlor for its three main branches. Included in th e budget proposal are variable overhead costs and fixed overhead costs. The management in general is concerned about the total overhead cost needed for the entire operation under different level of activity based on customers’ visits. However, it is also important to show in details the specific components of both variable and fixed overhead costs prior to sound decision-making process of the management (Garrison & Noreen, 2000; Cross & Richey, 1998; Fess & Warren, 1984). The basic components of variable overhead costs shown in Table 1 are spa and body massage supplies, promotional incentives for the customers, and electricity (variable). On the other hand, the basic components of fixed overhead costs are wages and salaries of staffs, rent, insurance, and utilities other than electricity. Based on the current trend and economic consideration of the inflation rate, the cost of spa and body massage supplies per customer’s visit is $1.75. Incorporating the management†™s marketing strategy with its actual service, it is important to have specific budget of $5.00 per customer on promotional incentives. This is to ensure more customers to avail of the services offered by the company at a specific limited time. This promotional activity and even the budget plan can be good only for one month but it can be extended for the entire quarter depending on the initial

Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation - Essay Example The most sensitive criteria are the clauses that provide for the protection of the interest of established corporate sponsors against new ones that have the interest to be partners. A $50,000 annual fee that a company pays as a license fee to the organization to act as a solid pledge for the involved company that has expressed interest for partnership is a criterion that CBCF strongly considers. The interested companies have to subscribe to the breast cancer cause and express a brand image that strongly supports the organization’s brand awareness as well. These criteria only to mention a few in general opinion need review in reference to amending specific clauses that will increase funding and still protect the main objective of the organization which is solely tied down to fighting breast cancer. Â  The sensitivity of the relationship between established corporate sponsors and the new entrants or interested parties should be expounded on to give a broad approach to the organization criteria and guideline principles. CBCF should be able to protect the interest of the established long-term corporate sponsors against the new entrants so as to avoid conflicts and increase the pipeline for funding from these interested parties. This is the most agreeable clause the organization has come up with in guiding the relationship between the corporate sponsors. However, the annual license fee charged by the organization as a form of a pledge for the corporate sponsors should be reviewed and the fee brought down a bit to encourage maximum participation by upcoming companies that are willing to take part in the fighting breast cancer initiative that is somewhat restricted to big established corporations.

Internet Banking in the United Kingdom Coursework

Internet Banking in the United Kingdom - Coursework Example One of the markets leading internet banks egg.com allows individuals to do all the above plus it allows for costumers to get insurance quotes for they're cars, homes, travels, lives & health and emergency cover against thefts or losses of keys, wallets and cards etc (Egg.com, 2006). HSBC are trying to cut counter opening times at branches as online customers are cheaper costing less than one tenth of normal branch customers, It is thought that many are in favour of online banking, while others are opposed to the thought of online banking, below are the views of a computer literate, middle aged working woman: 'I can manage fine with ATMs, internet banking and so on. But think about those who are elderly, visually impaired or otherwise struggle with technological advances. A friendly face at a counter is what they are used to and is probably what they want. My 80 year old father no longer uses an ATM out in the open. He gets his cash from a supermarket checkout, as he feels safer.' Carolyn Jones, UK (BBC News, 2002). Barclays also announced that they are closing 200 banks leading to the loss of around 6000 jobs somewhat due to the materialization of internet banking It is also believed this will result in cost reductions of 200m a year (BBC

The Elements Of Job Design. Management Support and Turnover Ratio Essay

The Elements Of Job Design. Management Support and Turnover Ratio - Essay Example While, structuring the job process of an organization, job design considers certain elements which include job rotation, job engineering, job enlargement and job enrichment. Job rotation can be defined as the process of changing the tasks of the employee after certain periods of time in order to reduce the boredom of the employees along with providing new tasks or posts. Job engineering can be stated as the process of designing the working environment according to the prevailing organizational objectives and employees’ requirements. Job enlargement can be described as the process of introducing innovative tasks similar to the assigned tasks. Contextually, job enrichment can be explained as the process of motivating employees by indulging them into the organizational decision making process along with providing certain responsibilities (Scribd. Inc., 2012). With reference to the elements considered in the process of job design, it can be stated that with the assistances of job design an organization can ensure better job retention. This is because the elements help to identify the exact skills of the employees and in relation to the identification of skills the tasks for the employees are assigned. Furthermore, it also helps the organization to satisfy and to motivate the employees to work better along with ascertaining better retention scenario within the organization. Additionally, job design facilitates the organization to innovate new job profiles along with promoting the employees according to the performances to reduce the boredom or monotonic condition that might arise out of work (Scribd. Inc., 2012). If You Have Ever Left A Job Because Of Misalignment With Organizational Goals Or Leadership, Or If You Know Someone Who Has Done So, What Were Areas Of Misalignment That Drove The Decision To Leave The Job? Could Management Have Prevented the Exit, And If Yes, How? From a scenario of personal experience, it has been derived that a person left his job due to certain misalignments that occurred with the organizational goals. The misalignments that have been identified include lack of opportunity for progression or growth and unequal wage structure. After recognizing the problems that led to employee turnover, it can be stated that the organization had the potential to manage or prevent the circumstance. With due consideration to the situation, an organization can

Evolution as the Complex Mechanism of Creation Essay

Evolution as the Complex Mechanism of Creation - Essay Example Biological evolution in the essence is descent with modification. Pojeta and Springer clearly stated that evolution could not occur without genetic variation. The ultimate source of variation is manifested on the changes or mutations in the sequence of the building blocks of the genetic material carried on the chromosomes in eggs and sperm (10). This material is what is called as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This definition encompasses small-scale evolution (changes in gene frequency in a population from one generation to the next) and large-scale evolution (the descent of different species from a common ancestor over many generations). An article published on the Internet entitled â€Å"Understanding Evolution† enumerated several mechanisms in the evolution process. Among these, the mechanism of mutation basically revolved around DNA modifications. Mutation is a change in gene structure from the original parent genes. This could be brought about by several factors within the organism or of the environment. Dr. Amanda Ewart Toland, postgraduate researcher University of California San Francisco reported that other changes in the genetic structures are introduced as a result of DNA damage through environmental agents including sunlight, tobacco smoke, and radiation. â€Å"Although some changes may prove to be harmful or fatal, other changes produce variations that convey a survival advantage to the organism. It is these variations, when passed on, that give advantages to the next generation. "(Pojeta and Springer 11) If the genetic change would have favorable effect to the offspring for survival this would be retained and further refined in the future generations with subsequent mutations. Charles Darwin called this process by which favorable variations are passed from generation to generation as "Natural selection." Evolution and its impact on religion (Discuss the religious impacts of teaching evolution and whether mandatory teaching of evolution undermines religious

How does the TV show ( The Simpsons) effect my live Essay

How does the TV show ( The Simpsons) effect my live - Essay Example the following analysis will seek to engage the reader with an understanding of the impact that The Simpsons have had upon my own life and the manner by which I will ultimately intend on raising my own family. Essentially, The Simpsons served as a comedy program that could be enjoyed by each and every member of our family; when I was growing up. As such, my parents were not overly conservative and did not attempt to restrict the overall access the television in our home or otherwise only approved certain programs for viewing. The understanding that was unspoken, at least in our home, was the fact that when situations arose and were represented on television that did not abide by the rules of our family or the point of view that children were expected to respect, these did not need to be restricted; they merely needed to be dismissed. As such, I have distinct memories of several occasions in which my parents would laugh along with the plot of The Simpsons; turning to me and saying something to the effect of â€Å"you had best never do anything like that†. As such, even though this particular show was comedy, I was fully aware of the fact, even from an early age, that not everything represented within it should be taken exemplification from model behavior. In terms of The Simpsons and its overall impact upon how I will raise my own family, it should be noted that I will follow a very similar approach to that which my parents ascribe to during my own childhood. Rather than restricting access to certain television shows and ultimately attempting censor the media, the best approach is to enjoy these television shows with the appropriate age groups in question and merely categorized at certain times that specific behavior is not allowable and when not be tolerated. As such, the parent child relationship does not become one that is domineering; it becomes one that is beneficial and utilizes media as a way of helping to further define the roles that individuals within the

American Government Essay Example for Free

American Government Essay The Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia (1967) resulted in the striking down of state laws that prohibited whites and African Americans from marrying. Mildred Loving, one of the parties in the case, issued a statement on the fortieth-anniversary of her case in which she urged that same-sex couples be allowed to marry. Q. Are the two issues—laws prohibiting interracial marriage and laws prohibiting same-sex marriage—similar? Why or why not? I believe laws prohibiting interracial marriage and laws prohibiting same-sex marriage are similar. Marriage is a unique bond between a man and a woman, who agree to live together and fulfill each others moral and physical demands. However, such a bondage between a woman and a woman or a man and a man would be against nature. This is a widely accepted notion. In the Loving v. Virginia case, the judge believed when God created different races and placed them on separate continents. Men should not interfere with His arrangements and should not pursue interracial relationships. However, the ACLU filed a motion on behalf of the Lovings that Racial Integrity Act 1924 and Statutes preventing marriages solely on the basis of classification violates The Equal Protection and Due Process clauses of the 14th amendment. This case holds its significance as it redefined what constituted a marriage. Some proponents of gay rights have cited this case in support of a right to marriage. Although opponents argue that this is not viable as the Loving marriage was still between a man and a woman. In the United States, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, Americans considered the freedom to choose a marriage partner a fundamental right. The idea that government could interfere with that choice is unthinkable. The case is also significant because it is about how the United States defined marriage. Before 1967, a legal marriage could not be contracted in states with anti-miscegenation laws if the partners were of different races. Thus the case redefined what constituted a marriage. Some proponents of gay rights have cited this case in support of a right to marriage, although opponents argue that this is not viable as the Loving marriage was still between a man and a woman. Randall Kennedy’s Interracial Intimacies, saw that opponents’ arguments against interracial relationships mirrored those of gay  rights opponents. In Loving, Virginia’s Supreme Court justified a ban on interracial marriages by citing religious beliefs. Others argued against it on the grounds that it violated natural order, same is the case with same-sex marriages. the American Psychiatric Association considered homosexuality a psychological disorder until 1973. Marriages are sought majorly as a foundation for having children, the relation to procreation is different in gay relationships. The live-and-let-live phenomenon practiced by most Americans doesn’t apply to this spectrum, as it didn’t apply to interracial marriages before 1967. Majority of the Americans are against it from both the political spheres. President Clinton, during his reign signed the defense of marriage act, which refuses to recognize gay marriages, despite his election platform for gay rights. Also, the lynching of Matthew Shepard in 1998 revealed that homosexuality triggered the same kind of violence and fear that was generated in the past by black-white sexual relations. Plus, a similar inversion of family values appears in opponents arguments against gay marriage and in the historical argument against interracial sex. Casual sex is more tolerable than sex that involved meaning, this stood true for interracial non-marriage relationships and again the same holds true for gays today. However, according to Colin Powell, the analogy of gays to race is wrong, explaining that race is a status and sexual orientation is a behavior. Similar arguments against same-sex and interracial relationships appear in regards to children. There was once total opposition to couples adopting children of different races, and there is still weight placed against allowing a white couple to adopt a black child, he said, because of societal pressures. The National Association for Black Social Workers has said such cases may result in black children having â€Å"white minds.† Similarly, fears abound that adopted children whose parents are gay will be more subject to prejudice, or the child will â€Å"have confusion over their sexual orientation†¦or worse, they’ll end up being gay.†

Effects Of Concentration On The Absorbance Values

Effects Of Concentration On The Absorbance Values Abstract: A 0.2100 M stock solution of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate was analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. A series of dilutions of the stock solution were made to analyze the effects of concentration on the absorbance values of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was found to have the highest absorbance value at an average wavelength of 511.02 nm. The average molar extinction coefficient for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was found to be 4.5172. Spectroscopic analyses of dilutions of the stock solution were used to create a calibration curve of absorbance versus concentration of the cobalt chloride hexahydrate solution. A solution of unknown concentration was analyzed using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The calibration curve was used to determine that the unknown had a concentration of 0.1250 M. Introduction: Ultraviolet/Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy analyzes electronic transitions between atoms and molecules. Spectra are produced when electrons in molecules or atoms move from one electronic energy level to another of higher energy. In doing so, the absorbed energy is equal to the difference between to the two levels. Compounds that absorb light in the visible region are colored. Compounds that absorb light only in the ultraviolet region are colorless. Inside a UV-Vis spectrophotometer there are usually two light sources, a tungsten lamp for the visible region (380-800 nm) and a deuterium lamp for the ultraviolet region (10-380 nm). The light source produces a white light ray which contains all wavelengths (all colors). The light ray directed to a monochromator by a mirror. The monochromator is used to separate light into specific wavelengths. Each wavelength corresponds to a different color. The instrument scans through the UV-Vis spectrum, sending different wavelengths of light through the sample. A single wavelength passes into the modulator, which consist of a rotor with mirrors that splits the light into two beams. One beam passes through the sample cell, while the other passes through the reference cell. Both sample and reference beams are redirected by mirrors into a detector. The detector compares their intensities of the two beams and sends a signal to the computer that controls the instrument. The signal is defined as abs orbance, which is a measurement of how much light is being absorbed by the sample at that particular wavelength. The Beer-Lambert law states that absorbance (A) is proportional to concentration of the absorbing species and path length of the medium over a certain time: In equation 1, is the molar extinction coefficient and has units of, the path length of the medium or L, is reassured in centimeters or cm and the concentration of the absorbing species has units of molarity or M. In this experiment a solution of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate was analyzed using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The purpose of this experiment is to create a calibration curve of absorbance versus concentration by making series of dilutions of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate. The calibration curve will then be used to determine the concentration of an unknown sample. The molar extinction coefficient for cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate will also be determined using the absorption at the concentrations of each dilution. Experimental Procedure: Using the analytical balance, 2.5072 g of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate were weighed and placed into a 50 mL beaker. The purple solid was dissolved inside the beaker using 15 mL of distilled water. The purple liquid was then transferred to a 50 mL volumetric flask with the aid of a funnel. The beaker was then rinsed with another 15 mL portion of distilled water to collect any remaining cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate left behind and then was transferred to the 50 mL volumetric flask using the same funnel. Additional 20 mL of distilled water were added to the 50 mL volumetric flask to create the stock solution of cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate. Dilutions of the stock solution were made by transferring 2, 4, 6 and 8 mL of the stock solutions to four labeled 10 mL volumetric flasks. Distilled water was added to fill each flask to the line. The absorbance for each solution was calculated using spectrophotometer. Before any samples were analyzed, a sample containing just water was used to blank the instrument. A quartz cuvette was filled with distilled water and covered. The blank sample was placed in the sample holder in the back of the spectrophotometer. Using the program, the spectrophotometer parameters were set to scan the sample from 650 nm to3 90 nm. The program was also designed to automatically let the user know which sample to place next into the sample holder. After the blank sample was analyzed, the cuvette was rinsed with distilled water first and then with a small portion of the stock solution. The cuvette was then filled with a portion of the stock solution, covered and analyzed using the spectrophotometer. This procedure was repeated for all dilutions. After each analysis, the cuvette was first rinsed with distilled water and then rinsed with a small portion of the following sample. Results: In order to analyze the sample using the spectrophotometer, the compound needs to be present in the aqueous form. The copper (II) chloride hexahydrate appeared purple as a solid. After the 2.507 grams of copper (II) chloride hexahydrate were dissolved in 50 mL of distilled water, the compounds color changed from a dark purple to a pink colored solution. The concentration of the copper (II) chloride hexahydrate stock solution was found using the molecular weight of the compound, the amount of compound used and the amount of distilled water used to dissolve it. Table #1 shows the how the concentration of the copper (II) chloride hexahydrate stock solution was found. When the dilutions were made by taking 8, 6, 4 and 2 mL of the stock solution, the concentration of each dilution decreased proportionally to the amount of stock being added. The intensity of the pink color of each dilution also decreased as the amount of milliliters of distilled water increased. Table # 2 shows how the concentration for each dilution of the stock solution was calculated. The software was programmed to analyze the solutions in the following order, the blank sample, the stock solution (0.2100 M), the 0.1680 M dilution, the 0.1260 M dilution, the 0.0840 M dilution and 0.0420 M dilution. All samples were analyzed in the spectrophotometer, by using quartz cuvettes. The blank sample had no visual results as expected. When the 0.2100 M stock solution was analyzed by the spectrophotometer, the computers monitor displayed the formation of a graph starting at 650.00 nm on the x-axis and 0.00 Absorbance on the y-axis. After the graph passed 580.00 nm, the graphs absorbance values started to increase exponentially. The maximum absorbance value was recorded at 0.9993 and it occurred at maximum wavelength of 511.34 nm. After the was passed, the graphs absorbance values started to exponentially decreased until the graph reached 420.00 nm, after 420.00 nm the graphs absorbance values displayed a slightly constant pattern until the end of the graph at 380.00 nm. Similar results were observed for all the dilutions. The 0.16800 M dilution analysis showed a maximum wavelength of 510.92 nm and a maximum absorbance value of 0.7266. The 0.12600 M dilution analysis showed a maximum wavelength of 511.11 nm and a maximum absorbance value of 0.5703. The 0.0840 M dilution analysis showed a maximum wavelength of 510.98 nm and a maximum absorbance value of 0.4024. The 0.0420 M dilution analysis showed a maximum wavelength 510.75 nm and a maximum absorbance value of 0.1758. Table # 3 summarizes all the maximum wavelengths and absorbance values for the stock solutions and all its dilutions. Figure # 1 (appendix-pg 14) illustrates the graph for each solution. Using the data from table # 3, a calibration curve of absorbance versus concentration can be created. Figure # 2, the calibration curve can be found in the appendix section, page 13. The molar extinction coefficient for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate can be found using data found in Table # 3 and the Beer-Lambert law. By algebraically manipulating the Beer-Lambert equation (A = ÃŽ µ * L *c), the molar extinction coefficient (ÃŽ µ) for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate can be determined by: ÃŽ µ = A / L*c. The molar extinction coefficient for all the solutions can be found in Table # 4. The average molar extinction coefficient for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was found to be 30445. A solution of unknown concentration was analyzed using the spectrophotometer following the same procedure as all other solutions. The solution of unknown concentration was found to have a maximum wavelength of 511.49 nm and a maximum absorbance value of 0.5715. The concentration of the unknown sample was determined using the equation of the line found on the calibration curve (page 13-Appendix). The unknowns absorbance value of 0.5715 was used as the y-value and the equation was solved for its correspondent x-value or concentration. The unknowns concentration was found to be 0.80 M. Table # 5 shows how the equation of the line from the calibration curve was used to determine the concentration of the unknown. Figure # 3 in the appendix section-pg 14, is a graph of all the solutions tested. In figure # 3, the unknown is easier to identify because the graph is in a landscape format and the x-axis increases by a factor of 20 nm as opposed to a factor of 50 nm in Figure # 1. Conclusion: The spectroscopic analysis of copper (II) chloride hexahydrate made the students familiar with operating a spectrophotometer. Dilutions to a stock solution of copper (II) chloride hexahydrate were made to examine how different concentrations of the compound affected the absorbance values of each sample. The copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was found to have the highest absorbance value at an average wavelength of 511.02 nm. A calibration curve for the concentration versus absorbance of copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was created using the data obtained from stock solution and dilutions using the spectrophotometer. A unknown sample was found to have a concentration of 0.1250 M. The concentration of the unknown was determined by using the calibration curve along with the data obtained from the spectrophotometer. The average molar extinction coefficient for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate was found to be 4.5172. The value for the molar extinction coefficient was determined using the t heory behind Beer-Lambert law and maximum absorbance values from the spectrophotometer. Discussion A different approach to determine the concentration of the unknown involves using the average molar extinction coefficient for copper (II) chloride hexahydrate found in table # 4. By algebraically manipulating the Beer-Lambert equation a formula for concentration can be derived: c = http://www.800mainstreet.com/elsp/Elsp.html

Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert

Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson Throughout the story of â€Å"The Strange Case Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde†, the author, Robert Louis Stevenson, presents his idea of the duality of man- where we all have a dark, wicked side within us, where evil is held in waiting to surface, but we hide it away, we pretend it does not exist, and we keep it tame. He presents this idea by using two protagonists, Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, who are actually the same person. One of these characters symbolizes the normal side of a person represented by the respectable Dr Jekyll, who is a typical upper class Victorian, and the other, Mr Hyde, a deformed man, signifies the purest of evil. During the course of this essay I will comment on Stevenson’s presentation of good and evil, and how the two work together to create an outstanding story. The book â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† was published in 1886, in Victorian England. The horror story originated from a dream that Stevenson’s had about a split personality and the central suggestion that evil is potentially far stronger than good. When he awoke he immediately set about putting his thoughts into words and finished the first copy in just three days but was forced to burn it because of the disapproval from his wife. He wrote another version, again in just three days. The second copy was published and was an overnight success. The storyline is about a doctor, who stumbles upon a potion, which he finds can change him into an entirely different person physically. Mr Hyde opens the window for evil deeds, through which Dr Jekyll could commit crimes without ruining his good name. At fist Dr Jekyll can control his transforma... ...easily become out of control and then take over your body. Today there are constantly news stories, pictures and bill boards telling you what drugs can do and in Victorian times drugs use and abuse was increasing, especially the use of opium. Lastly, mentioned before was Mr Hyde being described as ape-like, this can show contemporary relevance because of how Charles Darwin brought up the theory of the â€Å"origin of man† in Victorian times. There was an outrage in the 19th century and not many would believe Charles Darwin’s idea, because most people were strict Christians and â€Å"Adam and Eve† was from where they originated. Today in the southern states of America strict Christians still feel very strongly about their faith and still put down this theory. For these few reasons the story Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is still very relevant in the modern world of today.

Negative Aspects of Animal Testing Essay -- Biology Medical Biomedical

An Evil Science: ANIMALS IN RESEARCH Dating back to ancient times, animals have been used in research to advance biomedical sciences. However, the ways the human race can exploit these living creatures are absolutely evil. The main concern animal rights advocates have are not concerned with the idea of using animals in research but the way people can torture these animals. The twentieth century has witnessed some of the cruelest acts of violence in the laboratory but it has also seen the rise of the animal rights movement. Cruelty will always exist in this world, in some form or another, but hopefully it can be abolished from the laboratories. One could hear the agonizing screams of the horse from a great distance. Inside the lab the horse was being wrestled to the ground as its limbs were bound with ropes. The researchers sat on the horse to keep it still as they were carrying out their cruel deed. Sometimes this experiment could take up to four hours and always the horse was fully conscious as its throat was slit to expose the jugular vein. After the scientists extracted the blood they needed to make a cheap medicine, they left the horse to bleed to death and then they threw the mutilated carcass onto the streets. This is only one example of the cruelty associated with animals in research. In this case, a horse was tortured and slaughtered to obtain a blood serum that is now rarely used due to the risk it poses to humans. A simple and humane alternative to this process is to merely use a needle to draw blood from the animal. (http://stopanimaltests.com/f-turkishHorses.asp, 7/30/06) Advocates for animal testing claim that, since the beginning of history, many advances in biomedical sciences have been a product of using anima... ...d though it still cannot be seen, the end of animal testing is approaching ever so slowly. In some laboratories evil continues to prevail, but in many others, good is dominating. Works Cited Stephens, Martin L., Ph.D. Alternatives to Current Uses of Animals in Research, Safety Testing, and Education. Washington, DC: Humane Society of the United States, 1986. "The Hidden Lives of Rats and Mice." Stop Animal Tests. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. 30 July 2006 hiddenrats/ >. "Animal Testing." Wikipedia. 27 July 2006. 30 July 2006 . Pratt, Dallas, M.D. Alternatives to Pain. N.p.: Argus Archives, 1980. Ryder, Richard. "Institutional Speciesism: Cruelty is Wrong." Animal Experimentation: Good or Bad? By Richard Ryder, et al. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2002. 57-74.

Hard To Be Yourself :: Self Image Appearance Essays

Hard To Be Yourself How many times have we heard the saying "Don't judge by appearance?" And how many times have we been thoroughly disappointed by appealing images of things and people? The answer is quite simple: countless. And yet how many times do we catch ourselves staring in the mirror? And how many hours do we spend thinking about our image? The answer is once again very simple: countless. The real question which arises is "Why?" Why do we care so much about how everyone else perceives us? And why do we always worry about our appearance? Why is it so important for us to show the world what we possess and how much we can afford, when in reality we know that appearances can be misleading? The answers to these questions are not simple at all. In fact, there are so many viewpoints on this rather controversial issue that it is sometimes impossible to agree on one answer. It really depends on who is asking and who is being asked. In order to look deeper into these questions, some important aspects of life need to be taken into account. Take the media, for example. Doesn't it always show the most beautiful people in the world and the newest trends in fashion? Of course it does, that's its sole purpose. Everyone is curious about the magic makeup Cameron Diaz is wearing and about the most recent clothes designed by Versace. And we must not get behind with news on Nicholas Cage's new cars or Jennifer Lopez's mansion. We get so involved in the lives and images of others that we start to fantasize about looking like them and behaving like them. Think of all the young girls today who would give anything to live the life of Britney Spears. And let's not forget about the boys who want to be strong and able to fight like The Rock. The media manipulates us and forces us to create goals of looking fabulous and possessing expensive things. It is so influential that we sometimes can't control these ideas and desires. That, in turn, leads to all those hours spent thinking which dress would impress the guys and what kind of car would attract more women. We start to believe that looks are all that matter, and whoever has an impressive appearance is set for life. Well, isn't this true?

Safe Activity

Another roles to collect the team details, e. G. The amount of players, permission slips. Manager make sure everything goes to plan and everyone is okay and understand what's happening though-out the day. The manager also gives specific Job to his/her staff. Safety Officer This role is very important as they produce the risk assessment for the sport taking sports and the facility around it, to ensure that there a minimize risk of any injuries to happening whilst taking part in the physical activity.It's important to have a risk assessment in place as if an injury does happen the tournament could be shut down and the people who ran it could get sued. The safety officer is also in charge of first aid arrangements for the day. This is very important as if this is not in place then the people can get sued for not having the right equipment. For example if someone feel over and cut their knee, and a first eider wasn't on side to deal with it and it got infected, the participant could beco me Organizer The organizer is responsible for sorting out the schedule for the day and what Jobs here needs to be.E. G. Umpires, runners (get score cards), first eider. If this isn't done the tournament wouldn't run smoothly as everything/everyone would be unrecognized and not sure what going on. Another role of the organizer is to record the results. Again this need to be done correctly as if it is not then a team might have scored more goals than they have put down and could cost them a place in the ranking. Sports leader The role of the sports leaders are to check all the equipment and make sure they are safe to use and the facility is in good condition and there are no risks where artisans could get hurt.This important as if the equipment isn't check and ends up being not safe it could cause serious harm to the participants taking part. If a piece of equipment is broke or damaged it shouldn't be used or taken out of the facility by the sports leader. Coaches The role of a coach is to look after their teams from the start to end of the tournament, making sure their team players knew when they were playing. What pitch they were playing on. Where the toilets, first eider, refreshments areas SECT. They also have the responsibilities to make sure all the participants are safe and one of the participants go missing.Umpire The role of the umpire is to officiate in the games at the tournament. They need to know the knowledge of the rules and keep on top of the scoring in the tournament. The role of the official manger is to create the rules for the tournament. This needs to be done correctly so that everyone understand them and can enforce them. Another role is to officiate the tournament too, this means he needs to make sure they are, sending letters home to parents, teams available and want to take part, make sure they have a good facility, correct equipment etc.Another role of an official manger is to have the important information for each participant. For exa mple consent forms, so the participants hurt themselves then they can contact the parents/careers and explain to them what happened. Within the consent form they should ask for any medical history. You should do this is because gives a better understanding what you need to be aware of. For an example if a child has a condition such as asthma and the organizers don't know about it, the child could be in serious harm if he doesn't have a pump with him and the first aid team onto know what pump the child can have.On the form you gave the children to take home you should make it aware about being all types of clothing and footwear which would be appropriate for different weather. For example if it's hot weather, advice participants to wear sun cream and bring plenty of fluids and a hat. This is important as children can become dehydrated very easily and if drinks facilities are not on offer then dehydration could occur. You also tell the parents they no Jewelry should be warm this can b e extremely dangerous in netball. Safety of the FacilitiesWhen preparing a sports tournament, the following considerations should be Made for the facilities in which the session is to take place: Coaches and leaders must familiarize themselves and the participants with the safety and emergency procedures specific to the facility and activity A full risk assessment should be undertaken, reviewed and updated for the facility and activity DO Reviewing the Tournament Sports organizers must consider action that is preventative and is documented in the risk assessment. I'm not going to review the Netball risk assessment. Injuries, near misses and dangerous occurrencesCollect data on the type, frequency and nature of any injuries will help you to see if you risk assessment is doing its Job and minimizing the risk within the facility. Also the facility is safe and appropriate for the sports activity which is taking place. This information can be found in accident books and RIDDED document, it's also very important to write down any near misses that has happened and the reason why it dangerous, this would show good sports organizer. By looking at the risk assessment you can see that every risk has had taken action to minimize the risk.You can see hat they do have a first aid room where any injuries that have happen are delta with in that room. This is also where the accident room,Rolled is found. Suitability of group for activity and effectiveness of briefing Good sports leaders/coaches will review the effectiveness of each session taken place, to find out if their session goals where achieved and whether the activity suitable for the participant who ever taken part. Before a session you talk to everyone involve and explain what happens in case of an emergency and what the session entitles, and what happens if any rules are broken.The review should include weather the participants have understood what has been said should take place during the session and not at the en d. At the end of the session an overall review of suitability to the activity should take place. Suitability of equipment and facility. Before starting the session it's important to select the appropriate equipment for the participants who are taking part in the session plan. E. G. Children use different use football compared to adults, has different size goals and pitches. The best way to make sure you are following the correct guidelines is by the national governing body f Netball.You sure also make sure the equipment safe too, a review should be taken place during the activity so the observed the safety and suitability of the equipment. But also to observed the safety and suitable of the facility. You can see in the plan that the facility had a storage room where all the equipment go. Positive Looking back at the tournament I feel like it went well and the event overall was a success. One of the positive comments I received is that the girls enjoyed taking part and taking part in the competition.Through-out the day I went round to all the different teams to see if they needed alp with anything and to see if they were enjoying themselves. All of the girls and their coaches said yes. This made me feel like a successfully planned the event which proved a have good organization skills. The next positive comment I received was the is layout of the tournament was good, everything was very clear. E. G. The number of the court, where the toilet are SECT. This made me feel like I picked the best venue to hold the tournament. A positive out of the tournament was the umpires.They done a great Job in keeping up with play, timing the games, keeping the score and knowing the rules of the Ames throughout the day. Without the referees the event couldn't have gone ahead as no one would have refereed the games Another positive out of the tournament was the first aid available. They were very quick to react to any injuries that occurred throughout the day. This was important to eiders, we would have been stuck if there was an injury as no one would know how to deal with it. Improvements If I were to do this event again I would have more organizers to control the amount of children there was on the day of the tournament.As there were a lot of artisans and by having more organizer it would of made the day run more smoothly as I give each team a organizer to tell where they are going next and where anything is . An area I could improve on for the tournament was the refreshments. I only had one refreshment stall which was quite big, but there wasn't enough workers in there, therefore it took longer to serve people . This is important to improve so people get served and the there isn't a queue of people as this could cause someone to get a injury. For example someone pushing in the queue and end up pushing someone over and then them injuring themselves.The way I got this feedback from the tournament was a questionnaire which I gave to each team to fill out. This was a real help in finding out how people found the day and the tournament itself. Below is the results of the questionnaire. MM – Plan safe sporting activities for a range of sporting environments and DO evaluate the safety of a selected sports activity Attached on the drop box is 3 risk assessments that cover different sporting environments for this part of the assignment. The three risk assessments I done were: Sports Field Risk Assessment (rounder's) Sports hall Risk Assessment (football) Mountain biking Risk Assessment

Internet and Books Essay

In today’s modern world, technology has a great influence on our life and time. Back in the early 19th century, when electronic devices had not been invented, the population could only use printed word such as books, posters, newspapers or magazines, to gather information. Later, in the mid 20th century, the use of computers, televisions and radios helped people to know about the incidents happening all around the world, more easily. Now, in the 21st century, the creation of internet and other devices to access it has helped us to attain gigabytes of information, just with the click of our mouse. The internet has made it possible for us to acquire answers for almost all of the questions that we ask, and has alleviated the access to information to almost every topic imaginable. Firstly, internet helps to save time and effort. All you need to do is type in your question and click SEARCH. It can give an answer to almost every question type in, and it is usually very quick, speedy and fast. On the other hand, using books or other printed texts can waste time, as you need to find the appropriate book and then search for the information you need from it. For example, while searching for a book in the library, you waste time trying to reach there, and even more time trying to find the book you need. Despite this, time is also lost when you try to find the information that is useful to you from the book. Whereas the internet acts as a filter that sieves out all the data you need, in a span of seconds. However it can be argued that using electronic devices can cause distractions and disturbances. Using the internet can divert your attention to some other unrelated site and will cause you to waste time. For instance, you may login to facebook or twitter, or check your mail instead of researching and using the time well. On the contrary, you cannot be easily distracted in a library where silence is preferred, and is filled with people who want to work. But if the internet is used properly, and if the person has a self control over himself the internet has more advantages comparing to printed texts. So in short internet can be a time-saver only if used wisely. Alternatively, the internet can sometimes provide us with unreliable information. It is like a blank page in which people are allowed to post whatever they want, and sometimes even the wrong information. As exemplified by blogs, in which anyone can post their opinions and views on a topic, the internet can be a source of unreliable and inaccurate information as it contains the judgement of different individuals and not the actual facts. On the contrary, printed texts can be a great source of reliable information. Books are written by experienced authors who have researched well about the topic themselves before publishing it. A library can assure you that the book in your hand is dependable and trustworthy. In spite of being unreliable, internet can provide us with up-to-date data. It offers information on the most recent discoveries and inventions, the latest cars or other products and about the contemporary incidents and happenings all around the world. However once a book is published, any recent findings cannot be added to it. There are always new developments in the field of health, science, technology and politics that the library simply cannot keep up with. Therefore, the internet can provide us with the latest news about our modern day developments and can be dependable only if used properly by checking the sources of a particular website. Thirdly, glaring at a screen for a long period of time can cause various eye and back problems. Computer vision syndromes like eye strain and cataracts are caused by glaring at the computer screen for prolonged periods. Millions develop a condition called ‘dry eye’, resulting in gritty, itchy, inflamed eyes, due to staring at the screen for hours. The light from computer screens can cause drastic problems to your eyes, and sometimes even partial blindness. Unlike computer screens, books can be very easy to read as they are just words printed on paper. However there are many solutions to prevent the damage caused to eyes by computer screens. Screen filters can be bought to reduce the amount of light radiation hitting our eyes. There are also many softwares that can transfer the information audibly or with the help of videos, and do not require data to be read. Regular breaks, and turning away from the screen constantly can also help in avoiding eye and back problems. Usually, there is an option to zoom in, which enables people to read easily. Unlike computers, books cannot be zoomed in, when the letters are too small to be visible, causing eye problems as well. So the problems caused by glaring at computer screens or reading the small printed texts in books, can be reduced by taking regular breaks and exercises, as anything in excess is not good for our health. Moreover, a lot of paper is wasted in the creation of books and magazines. Deforestation, being one of the greatest threats that humans are facing today, is increased by the production of paper in books. A few sheets of paper could be worth one tree. Hence the number of trees is reducing day by day. Obviously, trees are vital for our living as they are the natural producers of food. Deforestation not only causes scarcity of food and other resources, but also results in the rise of the earth’s temperature, causing global warming. In contrast to books, modern technology like mobile phones, computers or tablets does not harm the environment to a very great extent. In the case of computers the energy used is electricity, which is renewable and can be created again and again. The internet is a huge database, and more information can be adjoined into it, very easily. However books are created from sheets of paper, and if the number of books increase, then the level of deforestation can increase correspondingly. To reduce the destruction of the earth’s forests by deforestation, paper should be recycled and not wasted. Instead it is much easier to use the help of modern technology that functions with the help of renewable energy, which does not have a great impact on nature. Therefore modern electronics has made it possible to overcome a huge problem to the environment. In conclusion, modern technology has many positive uses; it has made the world a smaller place by allowing us to contact individuals all around the world, many electronic devices are very cheap making it affordable to all and has also allowed people to find out about the news and incidents happening all around the world. But every good has some bad, and the extensive use of technology can be harmful to our health. I strongly believe that modern technology has been very helpful and useful to the human population. It has eased our access to information in very sustainable manner, and has connected the world together.

Improve Efficiency Essay

A very high percentage of the items selected (picked) in the distribution centers and re-stocked in the stores were in quantities of 1 case. This company’s roots were as a high volume, limited assortment retailer and distributor. Over time the business had shifted allowing the stores to reorder a higher mix of items at lower volumes. Given the companies market position as a low-price leader, this reduced profit margins. The two root causes of this shift were identified as: 1. Stock-keeping-unit (SKU) count growth outpacing sales growth, and 2. Allowing minimum order quantities from the stores to the distribution centers to drop to a quantity of one This white paper will study how this company quantified the impact of allowing its stores to order in one case quantity and then recalculated minimum order quantities for higher volume items. (For details of how SKUs were reduced see White Paper â€Å"SKU Reduction – Biggest SKLUsers†) A Supply Velocity Consultant led a team of employees through this 5 week project. The Supply Velocity consultant facilitated, but the employees did most of the analysis and therefore owned the improvements. nfo@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 2 Project Outline ? Evaluated all SKUs and the case quantity they are most frequently ordered at, to establish baseline data for how stores are ordering ? Time studied retail store shelf restocking and distribution center order selection labor to determine the negative labor productivity impact of the current ordering policy o Graphed the results in a trend chart o Determined that the greatest labor productivity improvement happens when the order quantity increases from just 1 to 2 cases ? Recalculated minimum order quantity for all items using Multi-Variable Pareto analysis based on: o Item unit movement o Pack-out (number of units that fit on the shelf space allocated in stores) o Shelf life ? About 20% of all SKUs had a re-calculated minimum order quantity greater than 1 case o The most conservative methods were used to ensure this project didn’t just push inventory out to stores, resulting in shrink (throwing away items that go beyond their shelf-life limit or are damaged) ? Communicated all items on the minimum order quantity to all stores through a comprehensive communication plan o Communication plan included data to show stores how increasing minimum order quantity on select items would improve their labor productivity ? Created a control plan to ensure new items, SKU reduction and sales history will be used to update the minimum order quantity on a twice yearly basis info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 3 Time Study Analysis To quantify the problem, we time studied order selection in the distribution centers and shelf restocking in retail stores. We conducted a few snapshot analyses of different distribution centers to understand the current state of â€Å"order quantities†. The graph below shows that out of the approximately 2800 items, a majority are ordered in quantities of 1 case. The time study data also showed that the second case selected or stocked is essentially â€Å"free† and the same movement is used for two cases as for one case. At the outset of this project the team was worried that any increase in minimum order quantity would be viewed by store managers as an attempt to push inventory out from the distribution centers to the stores. This data showed that increasing minimum order quantity from one case to just two, gave us the greatest percentage of labor productivity improvement. However, we didn’t just want to increase all items to a 2 case minimum order quantity. Instead, a statistical tool, Multi-Variable Pareto was used to calculate the proper minimum order quantity based on a mix of inputs. nfo@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 4 Distribution Center Order Selection Quantity (# of items picked per quantity) 57% of the items in distribution centers were selected at a 1 case quantity info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 5 â€Å"Time to Select per Case Quantity† in the Distribution Centers – Based on case count per selection When selecting 2 cas es of an item, the time per case drops by 45% from 1 case. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 6 Time to Re-Stock SKUs on Shelves in Stores – Based on case count When restocking 2 cases of an item, the time per case drops by 61% from 1 case. This shows that the greatest productivity improvement occurs when going from 1 to 2 cases, which is easier to â€Å"sell† to the stores than making large increases in minimum order quantity. They can reduce labor by 37 seconds per case by ordering and stocking 2 cases of an item versus 1. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 7 Multi Variable Pareto Analysis ? Recalculated minimum order quantity for all items using Multi-Variable Pareto analysis based on: o Item unit movement o Pack-out (number of units that fit on the shelf space allocated in stores) o Shelf life ? About 20% of all SKUs had a re-calculated minimum order quantity greater than 1 case o The most conservative methods were used to ensure this project didn’t just push inventory out to stores, resulting in shrink Multi-Variable Pareto is a method that uses more than one â€Å"measure† to sort SKUs from highest to lowest performing. Normal Pareto Analysis has been used to develop guidelines such as the 80/20 rule (20% of customers generate 80% of sales). When using multiple variables, there has to be a way to normalize the data so all variables are part of the analysis. We used three variables to determine the correct minimum order quantity for an item. ? Cases sold per week on average for each item ? The number of cases that fit in the given shelf space ? Product shelf-life Each of these variables are positively correlated to Minimum Order Quantity. ? The higher the cases sold equals higher Order Quantity ? The greater the shelf space (pack-out) equals higher Order Quantity ? The longer the item’s shelf-life equals higher Order Quantity The team of subject matter experts used retail experience to determine each of these factors and their impact on minimum order quantity. Results of this analysis are shown below. The calculation was very conservative, as the results have shown. Only 466 of 2800 items have a minimum order quantity greater than 1 case. This was largely driven by two factors. Item shelf-life limited our ability to make any shelf-life sensitive item greater than 1 case. Our calculation took this limiting factor into account, to ensure we weren’t causing shrink (throwing away items that go beyond their shelf-life limit or are damaged) at the stores. In addition, lower case movement drove many items to a 1 case minimum, even if they didn’t have shelf life limitations. The lower case movement is due to SKU proliferation and was addressed by the SKU Reduction (Biggest SKLUsers) project. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 8 Results of Minimum Order Quantity Calculation info@supplyvelocity. om Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 9 Communication & Control Plan ? Communicated with all retail stores about how the minimum order quantity analysis was conducted and the resulting new plan o Communication plan included data to show stores that increasing minimum order quantity on select items would improve their labor productivity ? Created a control plan so new items, SKU reduction and sales history will update the minimum order quantity on a twice yearly basis It was critical that this project was presented as a positive for our retail store-customers. We created a communication plan that showed two key aspects of this change: ? The conservative nature of the change o only 466 of 2800 items are receiving a minimum order quantity increase ? This change is good for the stores and will improve their labor productivity To ensure that this process endures and does not get reversed over time we included a control plan. This is shown in the graphic below. As Category Marketing Managers evaluate items, adding and reducing SKUs, changes will be reflected in new pack-out quantities. This quantity will get fed to Distribution Technology who will recalculate this items’ minimum order quantity using the same Multi-Variable Pareto calculation. A control group, made up of Merchandising, Distribution and Retail Directors will review the list, make changes in the ordering system and communicate changes to store customers. info@supplyvelocity. com Copyright: Supply Velocity, Inc. 10 Results By taking the higher sales volume SKUs and increasing the store minimum order quantity, we decreased the time per case to stock shelves in the stores and select items in the distribution centers. Using only the 1 to 2 case increase in minimum order quantity for the 466 SKUs reduced the labor time per case resulting in a labor savings of $1. 2 million. The expectation for this process is to slowly grow the number items with a minimum order quantity greater than 1 case beyond 20%. By rationalizing and reducing SKUs we should increase the shelf pack-out of remaining items, thereby increasing the minimum order quantity.

Biography of Kofi Annan

Kofi Annan was born in the Kofandros section of Kumasi, Ghana – in what was then the British colony of the Gold Coast. He is a twin, which has a respected status in Ghanaian culture. His twin sister Efua Atta, who died in 1991, shares the middle name Atta, which in Fante and Akan means ‘twin'. Annan and his sister were born into one of the country's aristocratic families; both their grandfathers and their uncle were tribal chiefs. [2] In the Akan names tradition, some children are named according to the day of the week on which they were born, and/or in relation to how many children precede them. Kofi in Akan is the name that corresponds with Friday. [3] Pronunciation: Annan has said his surname rhymes with â€Å"cannon† in English. [4] From 1954 to 1957, Annan attended the elite Mfantsipim school, a Methodist boarding school in Cape Coast founded in the 1870s. Annan has said that the school taught him â€Å"that suffering anywhere concerns people everywhere†. [5] In 1957, the year Annan graduated from Mfantsipim, Ghana gained independence from Britain. In 1958, Annan began studying economics at the Kumasi College of Science and Technology, now the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology of Ghana. He received a Ford Foundation grant, enabling him to complete his undergraduate studies at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States, in 1961. Annan then did a DEA degree in International Relations at the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Switzerland, from 1961–62. After some years of work experience, he studied at the MIT Sloan School of Management[6] (1971–72) in the Sloan Fellows program and earned a Master of Science (M. S. ) degree. Annan is fluent in English, French, Kru, other dialects of Akan, and other African languages. [

Strtegic Mrketing Plan of Amazon Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strtegic Mrketing Plan of Amazon - Case Study Example Ð mÐ °zÐ ¾n trÐ °nÃ'•fÐ ¾rmed itÃ'•elf frÐ ¾m Ð ° Ã'•peciÐ °lty retÐ °iler intÐ ¾ Ð °n Ð ¾nline Ã'•hÐ ¾pping pÐ ¾rtÐ °l, tÐ °king Ð ° cue frÐ ¾m Ð °uctiÐ ¾neer eBÐ °y, which Ã'•et itÃ'•elf up Ð °Ã'• Ð ° mediÐ °tÐ ¾r between buyer Ð °nd Ã'•eller. It Ã'•tÐ °rted Ã'•elling prÐ ¾ductÃ'• frÐ ¾m cÐ ¾mpÐ °nieÃ'• Ã'•uch Ð °Ã'• TÐ ¾yÃ'• "R" UÃ'• Ð °nd TÐ °rget Ð ¾n itÃ'• Web Ã'•ite. It Ð °dded merchÐ °ndiÃ'•e frÐ ¾m Ã'•mÐ °ller retÐ °ilerÃ'• in itÃ'• zÐ…hÐ ¾pÃ'•. Ð nd it cÐ ¾mpeted directly with eBÐ °y thrÐ ¾ugh itÃ'• Ð mÐ °zÐ ¾n Ð uctiÐ ¾nÃ'•. ThÐ µ firÃ'•t phÐ °Ã'•e Ð ¾f plÐ °nning Ã'•trÐ °tegic mÐ °rketing plÐ °n iÃ'• tÐ ¾ define thÐ µ buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• miÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾n. Ð Ã'• (CrÐ °venÃ'•, 2003, 198) Ã'•tÐ °teÃ'• 'BuÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• miÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾n iÃ'• Ð ° brÐ ¾Ã °dly defined, enduring Ã'•tÐ °tement Ð ¾f purpÐ ¾Ã'•e thÐ °t diÃ'• tinguiÃ'•heÃ'• Ð ° buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• frÐ ¾m Ð ¾thÐ µrÃ'• Ð ¾f itÃ'• type.' Briefly, buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• miÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾n iÃ'• tÐ ¾ give thÐ µ directiÐ ¾n, which preÃ'•entÃ'• thÐ µ unique Ã'•cÐ ¾pe Ð ¾f buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'•, itÃ'• viÃ'•iÐ ¾n Ð °nd Ã'•pecific cÐ ¾mpetence & cÐ ¾mpetitive Ð °dvÐ °ntÐ °geÃ'•, Ð °nd tÐ ¾ tell emplÐ ¾yeeÃ'•, cÐ ¾nÃ'•umerÃ'•, (BeÃ'•t, 2000, 21) Ð °nd Ã'•hÐ °rehÐ ¾lder whÐ °t Ð ° cÐ ¾mpÐ °ny iÃ'• Ð °nd whÐ °t kind Ð ° cÐ ¾mpÐ °ny emplÐ ¾yeeÃ'• Ð °re in. It iÃ'• like Ð ° fÐ °ce Ð ¾f Ð ° cÐ ¾mpÐ °ny Ð ¾r Ð °n Ð ¾rgÐ °nizÐ °tiÐ ¾n thÐ °t repreÃ'•entÃ'• Ð °ll Ð ¾f it. In Ð °dditiÐ ¾n, buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• miÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾nÃ'• Ð °re bÐ °Ã'•ed Ð ¾n fÐ ¾ur cÐ ¾re cÐ ¾nceptÃ'•, nÐ °mely purpÐ ¾Ã'•e, Ã'•trÐ °tegy, Ã'•tÐ °ndÐ °rdÃ'• Ð °nd behÐ °viÐ ¾rÃ'•, Ð °nd cÐ ¾mpÐ °ny vÐ °lueÃ'•. NÐ ¾kiÐ ° Ð °lwÐ °yÃ'• cÐ ¾mmunicÐ °t e thÐ µ cÐ ¾ncept thÐ °t thÐ µir prÐ ¾ductÃ'• Ð °re cÐ ¾nnecting tÐ ¾ peÐ ¾ple tÐ ¾ thÐ µir cÐ ¾nÃ'•umerÃ'•. ThÐ µy emphÐ °Ã'•ize deÃ'•ign, Ð °nd thÐ °t every functiÐ ¾n Ã'•hÐ ¾uld fit everyÐ ¾ne, becÐ °uÃ'•e technÐ ¾lÐ ¾gy iÃ'• humÐ °nity'Ã'• inventiÐ ¾n. FurthÐ µrmÐ ¾re, buÃ'•ineÃ'•Ã'• miÃ'•Ã'•iÐ ¾nÃ'• mÐ °y be influenced by three fÐ °ctÐ ¾rÃ'•. ThÐ µre Ð °re cÐ ¾mpÐ °ny'Ã'• cÐ ¾mpetence, envirÐ ¾nment chÐ °nge, Ð °nd reÃ'•Ð ¾urce reÃ'•pectively (BeÃ'•t, 2000, 21).

The Diabetes Issue Prevailing in South Asian Indian Women Term Paper

The Diabetes Issue Prevailing in South Asian Indian Women - Term Paper Example Kanaya et. Al (2010) stated that South Asians have a prevalence of diabetes despite their low body weight. This may be because of the difference in the culture that needs to be analyzed. Based on the study conducted by Kanaya et al, it was found that South Asian Indians immigrants are more likely to have diabetes than other US ethnic Groups. The discussion aims at highlighting the health issue prevailing in South Asian Indian women in Los Angeles County in the United States along with developing a health care program to curtail the health issue to an extent. Gielen, Bone (2008) stated that the quality of life is often affected by these health issues along with affecting the social and economic environment in the present as well as in the future. The health problem to be assessed in this particular discussion is diabetes using Precede-Proceed Model as a public health theory The study would be conducted in Los Angeles County by collecting data and information on South Asian Indian wome n suffering from diabetes. ...Wulffson (2011) stated that diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death and the ninth leading cause of premature death in Los Angeles County. The impact of diabetes has been severe on South Asian Indian women compared to any other ethnic group in the United States as per the study conducted by Kanaya et. al (2010). The data reflected that a total of 29% of Asian Indians had diabetes, after the full research and analysis, Indians still had high cases of diabetes compared to whites and Latinos. However, diabetes cases of South Asian Indians were similar to African Americans: Indians [odds ratio (OR), 1.0], whites, 0.29; Latinos (0.34) African Americans (0.77 ;) South Asian Indians have a different lifestyle compared to other ethnic groups in terms of nutrient intakes. Chowdhury and Hitman (2000) stated that the primary cause of diabetes is obesity that increases the weight of the body along with making it defunct up to an extent in terms of performing no rmal usual tasks. Along with this, hypertension and proclivity towards oily and rich food often affect the body mass index of South Asian Indian Women.  

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 2 SS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 2 SS - Essay Example The Bendigo bank in Tambellup and Cranbrook is one such kind of social enterprise, rising from humble beginnings to give the two communities their identity. The creation of the community bank is attributable to two individuals, Vicki Brown and Jan Pope, after facing several challenges; they rode on motivating points to spearhead the creation of this bank in their respective community. Overcoming the Feat: Challenges and Motivations they faced. They were motivated by the lack of proper banking services that catered for the needs of the rural community, while listening to a certain show; they reaffirmed Louise Petschler’s concern over poor banking in the country. According to the latter, banking services had deteriorated to the extent that they had failed to provide fair and affordable basic services, additionally, they were providing these at high costs and with poor customer services while closing community branches. CHALLENGES The initiative by Vicki and Jane is typically a c ommercial interest although with a social context, they face numerous legal, financial, management and development challenges that a typical commercial business faces. However, due to the unique communal premise that the business is built upon, they face a considerably different set of challenges than a typical business faces (Fayolle and Harry 8). The key challenges that Vicki Brown and Jan Pope faced were stakeholder participation, balancing of their key objectives, raising finance, and recruitment of professional staff and expert advice Stakeholder participation The key stakeholders in this initiative were the 700 and 1100 members of community for the two towns Tambellup and Cranbrook respectively. Furthermore, the Bendigo Bank was an important participant in the process, this because the community bank would be a franchise of their own establishment. The process of convincing people to contribute money to investing in an enterprise that was yet to be created proved to be a daunt ing task to the two and the steering committee that was in charge of the launch. They were apprehensive that the failure of the business would subject to guilt and a lot of burden. The rural community who were to be bank’s customers was concerned about the confidentiality of their financial information; this was expeditiously addressed by the concerned parties. Pessimism that the locals had over the future of the bank coupled with the show that ABC was running at that time concerning failures of local initiatives. Balancing Key Objectives Vicki and Jan had noted that the agricultural communities in their small towns were being inconvenienced as they were forced to travel long distance to undertake this important service. The lack of facilities in the area affected several businesses in the area and not merely these two major sectors of the area’s economy; an estimated $26,000 was being lost per week to other towns. Any community initiative must strive to balance two ke y objectives, achieve the social purpose for which it was initiated and operate as a sustainable commercial entity (Kickul and Sophie 219). The problem the two initiators faced were the way in which to balance these two objectives. On the other hand, they worried that if the bank performed the first function

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility Essay - 1

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility - Essay Example The organization established new approaches to the corporate responsibility in order to influence environmental and social change. The organization is made up of several small business units, regions, functions, centers. It is true that global business scenario is changing constantly due to frequent change in external environmental factors and market demand. Corporate responsibility helps an organization to adopt health business and corporate model that ensures potential competitive advantages for the company. The essay will discuss a conceptual framework that will explain the approach of Nike, Inc. to corporate responsibility. Â  Nike is one of the popular apparel and footwear manufacturing and distributing organization around the globe. In the year 2004, the organization began a large scale and intensive review of its developed and implemented strategies. The management of the organization tries to take unique and new approaches to corporate responsibility in order to ensure future business growth. The organization understood that demand for sustainable business practices can help an organization to run a smooth business across the world (Rendtorff, 2009, p.50). They tried to understand future social and environmental trends before expanding their business in several emerging global areas. The social and environmental trend cannot be similar in all the countries. Therefore, they tried to implement an effective review process to achieve potential competitive business opportunity. Â  In the year 2004, Nike, Inc understood that no single corporation can attain systematic change alone. Collaboration, partnership, and open source approaches can lead to providing an organization sustainable market-based solutions to the challenges that can easily generate system change.

Topic Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Topic Paper - Essay Example The possibility of future aviation safety is, thus, much related with the understanding of the operational context and quality maintenance. This factor points to the increased role of data regarding operations and quality of the flights. It requires methods for detecting errors and capturing error contexts, as well as methods for reducing errors and mitigating their effects. This study therefore tries to look into; As with any research project, determining the best methodology to gather data when conducting research is of paramount importance. Inevitably, any discussion of methodology involves a debate over the pros and cons of quantitative analysis versus qualitative analysis. Both types of analysis require data and facts and figures, which can be gathered either through primary sources or secondary sources. Since the nature of this study involves a broader analysis, therefore we'll have to take the help of secondary sources in good measure, for gathering most of the information. Some of the primary sources will be the interviews and opinions that we seek to solicit from the people involved in aviation sectors, some users and service providers. Literature Review In the maintenance of flight safety data Flight Operational Quality Assurance (FOQA) programs are of special mention. "FOQA programs use flight data collected during a carrier's normal line operations to reduce costs and enhance safety by identifying a variety of 'exceedances'- deviations of important flight parameters from normal operating ranges. FOQA programs typically use commercial Ground Data Replay and Analysis Systems (GDRASs) to detect specified deviations, generate plots, and create visualizations (Callantine, 2000)". This output is used by safety managers to assess deviations that otherwise would go unnoticed causing much risk to the safety of the flights. Based on these, the strategies that ensure safety measures are formulated. Thus, we can conclude that data on Flight Operations and Quality Assurance has a major role in the safety concerns of the flights. Let us also be aware that in this modern scenario, where flight journey or aviation transport has acquired great pop ularity, FOQA data can play the significant role in the safety measures. What is the Flight Operations Quality Assurance data Coined in 1993 by the Flight Safety Foundation, the term means "a program for obtaining and analyzing data recorded in flight to improve flight crew performance, air carrier training program and operating procedures, air traffic control procedures, airport maintenance & design, and aircraft operations & design (Wellington, 2004)". "FOQA programs provide more

Non-Malignanat Palliative Care -Assignment 2 Assignment

Non-Malignanat Palliative Care - 2 - Assignment Example lignant conditions which need palliative care because of the degree of suffering in the end-stage. One such disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Croft, 2005). Patients with this condition develop many symptoms which cause great discomfort and despair not only to the patient but also their dear ones. According to Deane (2008), "patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease follow a slowly-declining disease trajectory, punctuated by acute episodes of ill health, until the acute episode that proves to be the fatal one." â€Å"More often than not, death is sudden and unexpected† (Deane, 2008). The only solace to such patients would be to provide a comprehensive care which takes care of the physical, psychological, emotional, spiritual and religious needs of the patients so that they lead a peaceful life until their death (Croft, 2005). Such a care is known as palliative care. In this project various aspects of palliative care will be discussed which are individu alized and tailor-made to a 85 year old patient by name James with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in end-of-life situation. Palliative care needs of patients with COPD James is a known patient of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and suffers from severe breathlessness, distress, despair and discomfort. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is a devastating medical illness which causes a great degree of human suffering (GOLD, 2008). It characterized by non-reversible airway obstruction due to either emphysema or chronic bronchitis or both. It is not only a major health issue but also a significant source of economic and social burden (Fromer and Cooper, 2008). One of the most frightening and debilitating symptom of COPD is breathlessness which is progressive. The most common cause of COPD is cigarette smoking (Silvermann and Speizer, 1996). This condition affects about 15% of cigarette smokers (NICE, 2004). Many patients with COPD do not receive appropriate end-of0 life care because of the unpredictable course of their disease (Deane, 2008). Along with these symptoms, patients with COPD have other co morbidities which need to be managed too (Deane, 2008). Though the clinical course of COPD is not predicable, end-of-life care is yet possible. In the last year of life, patients like James with COPD are likely to suffer from chronic dyspnea, low mood, weakness, easy fatiguibility and pain (Deane, 2008). COPD most commonly presents as acute infection of the lungs or cough that is productive. The disease is progressive and eventually, the patient develops breathlessness which, over the course of the disease because the most predominant and distressing syndrome. The patient also begins to suffer from exercise intolerance and also easy fatiguibility. All these symptoms make the life of the patient miserable and helpless. The main reason for breathlessness is poor oxygenation of the lungs and ventilation perfusion defects.

Section 2 Video Report Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Section 2 Video Report - Movie Review Example The culture that was shown is our wanton disregard to the environment and the call to change this culture of abuse and neglect to restore the health of our plaent. The culture’s economic strategy and social organization shown in the film depicts how economic activity and big business contributed to the rising temperature because of its industrial waste. Big business is not to be entirely faulted because, us, the consumers propelled them to be manufacture goods to satisfy our wants to the point of being destructive. The film can be likened to Al Gore’s documentary An Inconvenient Truth that discussed the ill effects of climate change that we should act now and change our ways before we see a different planet. At present, the ecosphere is already out balance and it is being destroyed beyond its restorative capacity. There is however a difference with regard to the dominant theme compared to the previous documentary An Inconvenient Truth, in this documentary, it stated that our planet in itself is just fine. It can heal itself and balance had always ruled her. The problem is us. We are too many and consumed too many goods that we do not even need. Our population over the last two hundred years has finally taken its toll on mother earth she is already nearing a point where the damage done to her would be irreversible. This problem is aggravated by the lack of political will of current leadership to implement policies that will drastically change our ways to cut carbon emission and prevent further destruction of the planet. Instead, current leaders are blocking these changes. Personally, I see the film as a documentary of our helplessness. I mentioned helplessness because cannot do anything significant despite knowing the problem. Everybody knows that mother earth needs to be healed and that there is something wrong with her. Even those who do not care cannot deny the destructive force of nature now compared

Business case and environment Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Business case and environment - Dissertation Example However, the HR related works are still scattered across the various departments in the organization. However, the CEO of the company has other bigger and better plans. (As the next section says the plans referred tot he expansion plans. Please have a look. ) The CEO wanted to expand the company. The expansion is supposed to happen both in case of product line as well distribution, as the top management plans to open two more retail shops in the country; one in Calgary and another one in Toronto. Therefore the organization needs manpower both in case of quality and quantity. So the organization is going through a transformation phase. However, it is to be added that the employees of the company has not yet been informed about the proposed idea of change. In order to achieve the organizational objective the management has hired some new experienced faces. One of them happens to be the HR manger. This section of the study would look to analyze the way the HR manager dealt with th e problems, solved them and effectively implemented the organizational change would be discussed. Data Collection The data collected happens to be secondary in nature. The main reason for such choice is the fact that the secondary data collection method is the best to gather quality and relevant data within a short period of time in a cost effective fashion. Also it is to be added that the secondary collected is primarily qualitative in nature. One of the main challenges faced by the HR manager was the integration of the HR department. As mentioned earlier the HR department had two staffs only looking after recruitment and operations. Also the HR works were scattered over the other departments. Therefore the HR manager realized that it is important have all the HR activities under one umbrella. Hence the HR manager decided to recruit some HR executives so that the HR functions can be integrated. Each of the HR executives was given responsibility to look after the HR issues related t o issues of each department. Each of the executives will act as a touch point to the departmental heads. Each of the executives would be reporting to the HR manger. In this way the manger would be able to be in touch with the different departmental heads and also the HR department would become integrated in nature. The next area of focus for the HR manger was the employee morale and productivity. After analyzing the past employee records the manger found out that the average age of employees in the organization is six to eight months. This needs to be changed if the organization plans to achieve growth. Therefore the manager asked the HR executives to carry out an organizational research to find out the key pressure points. Based on the findings of the survey the manager found out that there is a lot of uncertainty regarding the reporting relationships and job security in the organization. Also many of the employees were not properly sure about the job description. Add to that the m anger also found out that since the HR organizational did not have a fully operational HR department activities such as the performance appraisal, salary increments were quite fragmented in nature. Therefore the manger decided to create Key result areas (KRA) and job descriptions for each of the designations. This would most certainly help the employees understand the roles in the organization. The employees can understand what is expected of them

Education in the Philippines Essay Example for Free

Education in the Philippines Essay 1. Cite at least three objectives of the 1992 EDCOM, 1998 PESS and 1998 PCER. The three innovations to the Philippine education system had these common objectives: * To introduce curricular reform curricular reforms in the school organization * To investigate the modes of delivery, policy structures, and pedagogical philosophies and recommend enrichment thereof * To align education’s modalities to the needs of the times 2. What are the common findings and recommendations of the three studies conducted in relation to the Philippine education system? A. Common Findings i. High dropout rates especially in rural areas ii. Mastery of students in important competencies as shown in achievement levels iii. High levels of simple literacy among 15-24 year-olds and 15+ year-olds iv. Highest repetition rate in Grade I v. Children were generally handicapped by serious deficiencies in their personal constitution and in the skills they needed to successfully go through the absorption of learning B. Recommendations i. Tri-focalization in the management of supervision of basic education, technical-vocational education, and tertiary education ii. Ensure adequate financing and improve the quality of basic education iii. Slow and reverse the haphazard expansion of low-quality tertiary education iv. Provide equitable access to education at all levels so deserving households and communities can benefit from the provision of public education v. Improve overall sector management through greater local participation and accountability 3. Identify the actions taken by the concerned agencies to respond to the recommendations of the studies conducted? Actions taken are the following: * Congress enacted Republic Act 7722 that created the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) that is responsible for higher education * Congress enacted Republic Act 7796 that created the Technical Skills Development Authority (TESDA) which is duty-bound to supervise and manage post-secondary and middle-level manpower training and development * Congress enacted Republic Act 9155 that created the Department of Education (DepEd) that handles basic education (elementary and secondary levels) * For a time, there was moratorium on the establishment of State Colleges and Universities (SCUs) * Tertiary education has been given reduced allocation for Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) * Surveys on applied assessment methodologies and processes were conducted * Republic Act 10029 (Philippine Psychology Act of 2009) was enacted into law that aims to maintain the development of assessment which is part of the services offered by psychologists * Executive Order No. 46 established the Presidential Commission on Educational Reform (PCER) that is a multi-sectoral body that defined a comprehensive and budget-feasible program of reform in the education system 4. Do the actions taken have an impact on the ailing Philippine educational system? Yes. In many ways the actions taken by the respective agencies of the government have created impact to the Philippine education system. For instance, DepEd has now concentrated in strengthening the knowledge and skills of elementary and secondary level learners in order to prepare them to the more rigorous life in tertiary education. In addition, CHED has introduced the emphasis of research in support to new teaching methodologies and has identified â€Å"Centers of Excellence† and â€Å"Centers of Development† among colleges and universities nationwide. Then TESDA hones the skills of middle-level manpower that is needed in the country and overseas. Although much has to be done yet to create an atmosphere of genuine excellent Philippine education system, more and more actions have been undertaken by the government to address the pressing problems on deteriorating quality of education. Aside from enhancing the competencies of learner.