'Anthrax and Smallpox\r'

'One major difference between the pathogens that consume splenic fever and smallpox is that splenic fever is a produce of bacteria while smallpox is an example of a virus,  Anthrax is ca utilise by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis.B. anthracis was the first base bacterium which was shown to cause disease by Robert Koch in 1877. B. anthracis has two forms †vegetational and spore state. In its spore state, the bacteria finish lay dormant for years. When the spore enters a drove, the bacterium reactivates into its vegetative state and then cause disease. It is the spores of the bacterium which is used as a biological weapon.Smallpox on the some other hand caused by the variola virus. Unlike splenic fever which is communicated via its spore state, smallpox virus is directly communicated directly from host to host via respiratory droplets or contact with sensible fluids. Smallpox is a biological weapon cod to the successful efforts of the WHO to eradicate the disease. Wit h smallpox eliminated, no one has any immunity from the disease and the release of a smallpox sample will have calamitous effects on the population.2. Plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Plague is spread to human hosts after macrocosm bit by fleas which carry the disease or through contact with infected animals. While create severe deaths in Europe during the Middle Ages, contemporary day chevy is curable with antibiotics though it plunder still be lethal when left untreated.To this day, pesterer outbreaks are still caused by flea infested rat populations. In rural areas, squirrels and other know flea vectors are known carriers of the plague bacteria.Anthrax as mentioned spreads as spores which are reactivated erstwhile inside a host. The environment rich in sugars and amino acids triggers the reversal of the spores into an active state. Anthrax depose enter the body in three ways †through inahalation, digestion or through entry in small cracks in the skin.3. The role of the WHO in preparing for splenic fever is that of a think tank. The WHO cannot directly move to stay the spread of anthrax in countries but it offers worth(predicate) aid for the anti-anthrax actions of member countries in the UN. It acts as a healthful respected adviser on anthrax related issues.We can think of the WHO as providing a service for the anti-biological weapon efforts of the UN member countries. Some of the service the WHO provides include training activities, disseminating information and providing a minute of experts to aid in the identification, diagnosis and treatment of anthrax outbreaks. These services are provided to member countries and medical laboratories worldwide.4.  The some pressing factor for the spread of plague are rats. Rats carry fleas which are the vectors for the disease. Apart from rats, some contribute factors to plague outbreaks include incidences of poverty, war, and civil disturbances. A vulnerable public health in frastructure as well as poor facilities are also change factors to the spread of plague into an outbreak.The best way to fuck a plague outbreak is through fast identification and localization. With rapid treatment and action, the mortality levels of plague can be reduced from 60% to slight than 15%. To aid with the quick actions on plague, a rapid diagnostic seek has been developed.The new test reduces confirmation from 15 days down to 15 minutes. With rapid confirmation, the authorities can more speedily respond to the outbreaks of plague and prevent further pollution of the population.BibliographyUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical place centerfield for Biosecurity. (October 8, 2007) Smallpox point Sheet. In Center for Biosecurity. Retrieved November 10, 2008 from http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/focus/agents_diseases/fact_sheets/smallpox.htmlUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center Center for Biosecurity. (October 8, 2007) Anthrax Fact Sheet. In Center for Biosecurit y. Retrieved November 10, 2008 from http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/focus/agents_diseases/fact_sheets/anthrax.html\r\n \r\n'